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Marina Ladynina
Marina Aklekseyevna Ladynina ((ロシア語:Мари́на Алексе́евна Лады́нина), June 24 (11 ), 1908 in Skotinino, Smolensk, Russian Empire – March 10, 2003 in Moscow, Russian Federation) was a popular Soviet cinema and theatre actress, best remembered for major roles in films like ''Tractor Drivers'' (1939), ''The Swine Girl and the Shepherd'' (1941), ''Six O'Clock after the War is Over'' (1944), ''Ballad of Siberia'' (1947) and ''Cossacks of the Kuban'' (1949), all directed by her husband Ivan Pyryev. One of the best-loved Soviet movie stars of the 1940s, Ladynina has been designated People's Artist of the USSR (1950) and was a five-times Stalin Prize laureate.
==Biography==
Marina Ladynina was born in the a small village called Skotinino, Smolensk;〔Some sources give Nazarovo, near Achinsk in Siberia, as Ladynina’s place of birth. In fact she was born in the village Skotinino of the Smolensk region. Detesting the sound of the place’s name (skotina, 'livestock', is also a mild swear word in Russian), she later changed it to Nazarovo, a Siberian village the family moved soon after her birth.〕 her father Aleksey Dmitrievich Ladynin (1879-1955) and mother Maria Naumovna (1889-1971) were uneducated peasants. Soone after her daughter's birth the family moved to Nazarovo, nearby Achinsk in Eniseisk governorate, Siberia. Parents with their four children lived in a small wooden izba. From her yearly years Marina got used to hard work in the house. She spent summers as a hired worker at a local farm, having to milk ten cows a morning.〔
Marina was the eldest of the four children and the first to go to school: she developed a passion for reading, then joined the school theatre, often performing in the local street carnivals. At the school stage her first role was Natasha in Pushkin’s "Rusalka". She played so good that even her mother, a woman who had rather severe attitude towards theatre stage, was impressed. Soon Marina she became a part-time actress of the Achinsk drama theater. There she became friends with actress Baratova (the pair played in the production of ''Iudushka Golovlyov''). It was the latter who convinced the girl it was her duty to try and get quality education. At the age of 16, after the graduation, she started working as a teacher in Nazarovo village, continued to perform in Achinsk and was giving musical concerts there, but now had a serious goal, that of going to Moscow.〔 Her first port of call was Smolensk, her father's homeland. There she happened to meet Sergey Fadeev, the Meyerhold's theatre's actor, who advised the girl to go and take exams at the Russian Academy of Theatre Arts (GITIS) and gave her Stanislavsky's book "My Life in Arts" so that she could prepare for the exams better. By happy coincidence the regional komsomol committee delegated Ladynina to Moscow to study social sciences. Instead she went straight for the theatre academy.〔 Marina was not familiar with examiners (among whom were some well-known specialists: S.Birman, V.Luzhsy, F. Kaverin) and, relaxed, gave them an inspired performance. She was instantly in, with the note: "remarkably gifted" on the register list, making sure she was free from taking any more exams.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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